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Photon upconverting liquids: matrix-free molecular upconversion systems functioning in air.

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Researchers developed a novel liquid photon upconversion system that functions in air. This system achieves a high upconversion quantum yield, even with oxygen present, due to unique molecular design.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photochemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Photon upconversion (UC) is crucial for applications like solar energy and bioimaging.
  • Existing UC systems often require inert atmospheres or solid matrices, limiting practical use.
  • Developing stable, efficient liquid-state UC systems operating in air remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a nonvolatile, air-stable liquid photon upconversion system.
  • To achieve high upconversion efficiency in a solvent-free liquid medium.
  • To investigate the mechanism of oxygen insensitivity in the liquid UC system.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a branched alkyl chain-modified Pt(II) porphyrin as a triplet sensitizer.
  • Doped the sensitizer into a liquid acceptor containing a 9,10-diphenylanthracene unit.
  • Characterized the upconversion quantum yield and luminescence properties under aerated conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high upconversion quantum yield of approximately 28% in the solvent-free liquid state.
  • Demonstrated efficient triplet energy transfer and migration leading to singlet excited state formation.
  • Observed insensitivity of upconversion luminescence to oxygen, attributed to molten alkyl chains.

Conclusions:

  • A robust, air-functioning liquid photon upconversion system was successfully developed.
  • The system's stability in air is linked to the unique properties of the modified chromophores.
  • Energy migration in triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) offers a new design strategy for advanced UC systems.