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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

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Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers
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Antimicrobial surfaces using covalently bound polyallylamine.

Dmitri D Iarikov1, Mehdi Kargar, Ali Sahari

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, and §School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.

Biomacromolecules
|December 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cationic polymer polyallylamine (PA) covalently bonded to glass exhibits potent antimicrobial activity. This durable coating effectively combats Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, offering a promising surface for infection control.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Antimicrobial surfaces are crucial for preventing healthcare-associated infections.
  • Developing robust and effective antimicrobial coatings remains a significant challenge.
  • Cationic polymers offer potential antimicrobial properties due to their positive charge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To covalently immobilize polyallylamine (PA) onto glass surfaces.
  • To ensure polymer chain extension into solution for bacterial interaction.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the functionalized glass surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Glass surface functionalization with epoxide groups using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane (GOPTS).
  • Covalent bonding of polyallylamine (PA) to the functionalized glass surface.
  • Surface characterization using XPS, FTIR, zeta potential, and AFM.
  • Antimicrobial activity assessment against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Main Results:

  • Successful covalent attachment of polyallylamine (PA) to glass surfaces was confirmed.
  • Polymer chain extension into solution was observed, facilitating bacterial interaction.
  • The PA-coated glass surfaces demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Characterization confirmed surface charge and polymer presence, correlating with antimicrobial effect.

Conclusions:

  • Covalent immobilization of polyallylamine (PA) on glass creates a robust antimicrobial surface.
  • The developed coating effectively inhibits the growth of clinically relevant bacteria.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for developing antimicrobial materials in healthcare settings.