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Orthognathic surgery with or without induced hypotension.

E Carlos1, M S Monnazzi2, Y M M Castiglia1

  • 1School of Medical Sciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|December 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Hypotensive general anaesthesia significantly reduced blood transfusions and bradycardia during orthognathic surgery. This technique is highly beneficial for patients undergoing surgical correction of dentofacial deformities.

Keywords:
Controlled hypotensionOrthognathic surgeryOsteotomy

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Orthognathic surgery corrects dentofacial deformities.
  • Controlled hypotension is sometimes used during surgery.
  • The impact of hypotensive anaesthesia on orthognathic surgery outcomes requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of orthognathic surgery performed with and without hypotensive general anaesthesia.
  • To evaluate the effect of hypotensive anaesthesia on blood transfusion requirements and intraoperative bradycardia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 50 patients treated without induced controlled hypotension (Group I).
  • Prospective evaluation of 50 patients treated under hypotensive general anaesthesia (Group II).
  • Comparison of surgical duration, blood transfusion needs, and bradycardia occurrence between groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in surgical duration between the two groups.
  • Statistically significant reduction in the need for blood transfusion in the hypotensive anaesthesia group.
  • Lower incidence of bradycardia during maxillary down-fracture in patients who received hypotensive anaesthesia.

Conclusions:

  • Hypotensive general anaesthesia is beneficial for orthognathic surgery.
  • It effectively decreases blood loss and reduces the risk of bradycardia.
  • This anaesthetic approach enhances patient safety during surgical correction of dentofacial deformities.