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Immunological self, nonself discrimination.

J G Guillet, M Z Lai, T J Briner

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |February 20, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Immunodominant peptides compete for T cell activation only when restricted by the same transplantation antigen. This competition correlates with binding to the antigen, explaining self, nonself discrimination.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • T cell activation is crucial for adaptive immunity.
    • Immunodominant peptides presented by transplantation antigens (MHC molecules) direct T cell responses.
    • Understanding peptide-MHC interactions is key to immune regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the competitive interactions of immunodominant peptides for T cell activation.
    • To determine the relationship between peptide binding, MHC restriction, and T cell inhibition.
    • To explore the molecular basis of self, nonself discrimination and alloreactivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied competition between peptides from various antigen systems for T cell activation.
    • Analyzed peptide binding to specific transplantation antigens (MHC molecules).

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared peptide sequences with MHC molecule sequences and identified homologies.

    • Main Results:

    • Peptides compete for T cell activation only if restricted by the same transplantation antigen.
    • Peptide competition correlates with binding affinity to the specific MHC molecule.
    • An exception was found with a bacteriophage lambda cI repressor peptide, which binds I-Ed but is not I-Ed-restricted due to sequence homology.

    Conclusions:

    • Peptides restricted by a class II MHC molecule share sequence homology with the MHC molecule itself.
    • Sequence homology between antigenic peptides and MHC molecules can influence MHC restriction.
    • A model based on peptide-MHC sequence comparison explains self, nonself discrimination and alloreactivity.