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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Exponential strand-displacement amplification for detection of microRNAs.

Chao Shi¹, Qi Liu, Cuiping Ma

¹State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao, Shandong 266042, P. R. China.

Analytical Chemistry

|December 19, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a rapid, sensitive microRNA (miRNA) detection assay using exponential strand-displacement amplification (SDA). The assay can detect ultra-low amounts of miRNA in biological samples within 90 minutes.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Diagnostics

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers for disease diagnosis.
Current miRNA detection methods lack the required speed, sensitivity, and selectivity for effective diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a rapid, sensitive, and selective assay for microRNA detection.
To enable effective miRNA-based disease diagnosis using a novel amplification strategy.

Main Methods:

Developed a miRNA-initiated exponential strand-displacement amplification (SDA) assay.
Utilized Klenow fragment, Nt.AlwI nicking enzyme, and two primers for amplification.
Employed real-time PCR with SYBR Green I for dsDNA detection.

Main Results:

Achieved exponential amplification of target miRNA within a single reaction pot.
Detected as low as 16 zeptomoles (zmol) of target miRNA in 90 minutes.
Demonstrated a broad dynamic range spanning over 9 orders of magnitude with minimal matrix effects.

Conclusions:

The developed miRNA-initiated SDA assay offers high sensitivity and speed for miRNA detection.
The assay is robust in complex biological matrices, enabling direct detection in biofluids.
This method holds significant potential for advancing miRNA-based diagnostic tools.