How Much Does AMH Really Vary in Normal Women?

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Gynecology

Background:

• Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) reflects ovarian follicular pool size.
• AMH exhibits lower variability than FSH, making it a reliable ovarian reserve marker.
• Understanding AMH variability is crucial for accurate clinical interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review within-subject variability of AMH, focusing on intracycle fluctuations.
• To examine interindividual variability influenced by ethnicity, BMI, and smoking.
• To discuss AMH changes during ovarian quiescence (contraceptives, pregnancy).

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on AMH variability.
• Analysis of factors affecting AMH levels.
• Synthesis of data on AMH in specific physiological states.

Main Results:

• AMH demonstrates low intra- and intermenstrual cycle variability.
• Ethnicity, BMI, and smoking impact AMH interindividual variability.
• AMH levels decrease during contraceptive use and pregnancy.

Conclusions:

• AMH is a valuable marker for ovarian reserve assessment.
• Factors like ethnicity, BMI, smoking, and physiological states influence AMH interpretation.
• This review provides guidance for researchers and clinicians using AMH values.