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Related Concept Videos

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Auditory cortex processes variation in our own speech.

Kevin R Sitek1, Daniel H Mathalon2, Brian J Roach1

  • 1Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America.

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|December 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain's auditory cortex notices natural speech variations. When self-produced speech deviates significantly from the previous utterance, neural suppression is reduced, indicating increased processing for these variable speech sounds.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Speech Production

Background:

  • Speech production involves complex motor planning, leading to natural variations in utterances.
  • The auditory cortex plays a crucial role in processing self-produced speech.
  • Typically, neural responses (N1 event-related potential component) are suppressed during speech production compared to listening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the auditory cortex's sensitivity to natural, utterance-to-utterance variations in self-produced speech.
  • To examine how variations in speech acoustics affect neural suppression mechanisms during speaking.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) from 99 subjects producing the vowel sound "ah".
  • Analyzed ERPs based on formant deviations of each utterance from the preceding one.
  • Compared neural responses (N1 component) to utterances with minimal versus maximal variability.

Main Results:

  • The N1 component was less suppressed for utterances with greater formant deviations from their neighbors.
  • Utterance variability relative to the median formant or median pitch (f0) did not affect N1 suppression.
  • Increased N1 suppression during speaking is sensitive to the degree of acoustic change from the immediately preceding utterance.

Conclusions:

  • The auditory cortex is sensitive to natural, trial-to-trial variations in self-produced speech.
  • Speaking-induced neural suppression mechanisms are finely tuned to expected production variability.
  • Deviant speech utterances necessitate additional auditory cortical processing, suggesting a flexible suppression system.