Intestinal failure - its nature, pathophysiology and treatment

The existence of 'intestinal failure' was proposed. This pathologic condition may occur in two distinct forms, ie short bowel syndrome marked by a gross reduction in functioning gut mass and impaired intestinal function (impairment of motility and extensive parenchymatous disorders). This has been newly recognized as a complex independent entity on account of an increasing number of patients that now survive thanks to the recent progress in nutritional management, especially total parenteral nutrition (TPN). In view of many unresolved clinical questions regarding long-term TPN and loss of gut mass, it is hoped that future research efforts will be directed towards settlement of these issues and how to surmount difficulties in bowel transplantation.