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Two new triterpenoids from Gelsemium elegans and Aglaia odorata
Bing Liu1, Lin Yang2, You-Kai Xu1
1Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China.
Natural Product Communications
|December 21, 2013
Summary
New compounds, Eleganoside A and odoratanone A, were isolated from Gelsemium elegans and Aglaia odorata. Some compounds showed potential as inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes.
Area of Science:
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Pharmacognosy
- Medicinal Chemistry
Background:
- Gelsemium elegans and Aglaia odorata are plant species known for their diverse chemical constituents.
- Triterpenoids and their glycosides are classes of natural products with a wide range of biological activities.
- Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are key enzymes involved in neurotransmission, and their inhibition is a target for treating cognitive disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize novel and known compounds from Gelsemium elegans and Aglaia odorata.
- To evaluate the isolated compounds for their inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE.
- To identify potential therapeutic leads for neurodegenerative diseases.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of compounds using chromatographic techniques.
- Structure elucidation of isolated compounds through extensive spectroscopic (NMR, MS) and spectrometric analysis.
- In vitro enzymatic assays to determine AChE and BChE inhibitory activities.
Main Results:
- Isolation of Eleganoside A (a triterpenoid trisaccharide glycoside) and odoratanone A (a nortriterpenoid) along with twelve known compounds and a cerebroside mixture.
- Eleganoside A possesses a unique triterpenoid skeleton with a trisaccharide moiety.
- Odoratanone A is a norcycloartane-type triterpenoid with an unusual methyl acetal ring.
- Ethyl caffeate (5) showed dual inhibition of AChE and BChE at 50 microM.
- Paeonol (3) and 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol (9) demonstrated selective BChE inhibition.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully identified novel triterpenoid glycosides and nortriterpenoids from the investigated plant species.
- Several isolated compounds, particularly ethyl caffeate, paeonol, and 24-hydroperoxy-24-vinylcholesterol, exhibit promising anticholinesterase activities.
- These findings suggest the potential of natural products from Gelsemium elegans and Aglaia odorata as sources for developing new therapeutic agents targeting cholinergic systems.
