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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

5.0K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
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Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

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Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
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Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

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Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
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Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

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[Autophagy and immune response].

Maria Johanna Peña-Sanoja1, Juan Bautista De Sanctis1

  • 1Instituto de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.

Investigacion Clinica
|December 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular process, is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and links to cell death, immunity, and disease. Dysfunctional autophagy impacts cancer progression and treatment resistance, necessitating further research for therapeutic development.

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Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice
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The Lactate Dehydrogenase Sequestration Assay — A Simple and Reliable Method to Determine Bulk Autophagic Sequestration Activity in Mammalian Cells
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The Lactate Dehydrogenase Sequestration Assay — A Simple and Reliable Method to Determine Bulk Autophagic Sequestration Activity in Mammalian Cells

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

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Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice
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The Lactate Dehydrogenase Sequestration Assay — A Simple and Reliable Method to Determine Bulk Autophagic Sequestration Activity in Mammalian Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Mechanisms
  • Physiology

Context:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process regulating the degradation and recycling of cellular components.
  • It plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, including protein and organelle turnover.
  • Autophagy is intricately linked to immune responses, antigen processing, and cell death pathways.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted role of autophagy in cellular homeostasis and its connection to immune functions.
  • To investigate the dual role of autophagy in cancer, from tumor suppression to promoting survival and resistance.
  • To highlight the need for further research into autophagy for developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Summary:

  • Autophagy controls cellular homeostasis by managing proteins, organelles, and vacuoles.
  • Deficiencies in autophagy are implicated in various diseases, including cancer.
  • In cancer, autophagy can induce cell death in early stages but promotes survival and drug resistance in advanced tumors and metastasis.

Impact:

  • Understanding autophagy's role is vital for comprehending disease pathogenesis.
  • Targeting autophagy presents potential therapeutic avenues for cancer and other pathologies.
  • Further research can unlock new treatment strategies by modulating autophagy pathways.