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Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual

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Validation method of a middle ear mechanical model to develop a surgical simulator.

Guillaume Kazmitcheff¹, Mathieu Miroir, Yann Nguyen

¹Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Audiology & Neuro-Otology

|December 21, 2013

Summary

A new finite-element model of the human ossicular chain offers realistic surgical simulation for otological surgery training. This validated model provides haptic feedback, improving resident education beyond traditional temporal bone methods.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Surgical Simulation
Computational Mechanics

Background:

Ossicular surgery demands high dexterity for delicate middle ear structures.
Current otological surgery training relies on temporal bone specimens lacking simulator feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a finite-element model of the human ossicular chain for surgical simulation.
To establish a method for evaluating the model's mechanical behavior.

Main Methods:

Developed a finite-element model using human middle ear MRI data.
Determined mechanical parameters from published data.
Analyzed middle ear transfer function and simulated static force pressure.

Main Results:

The model's mechanical behavior matched human temporal bone measurements in nominal and pathological conditions.
The cochlea's influence on transfer function is significant only at high frequencies.
Surgeons successfully manipulated the model with real-time haptic feedback.

Conclusions:

The finite-element model is suitable for otological surgical simulators.
The model's computational efficiency enables real-time haptic feedback for training.
The cochlea can be omitted in simulators for computational efficiency.