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A 48-pixel array of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes for multispot Single Molecule analysis.

Angelo Gulinatti1, Ivan Rech1, Piera Maccagnani2

  • 1Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 - 20133 Milano, Italy.

Proceedings of Spie--The International Society for Optical Engineering
|December 21, 2013
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Summary

This study introduces a 48-detector array of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) for multispot Single Molecule Analysis. The custom-designed SPADs offer high photon detection efficiency and low dark count rates for advanced molecular detection.

Keywords:
FRETPhoton CountingSPAD arraySingle-Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD)high throughputsingle molecule

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Detector Technology
  • Biophysics and Single-Molecule Detection

Background:

  • Advancements in single-molecule analysis require sensitive and efficient photon detection.
  • Existing detector arrays may face limitations in spatial resolution and optical coupling for multispot applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel 48-element Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) array.
  • To optimize detector performance for multispot Single Molecule Analysis.
  • To facilitate integration into compact optical setups.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SPADs with active diameters of 25µm and 50µm using custom technology.
  • Arrangement of detectors in a 12x4 geometry with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of ten.
  • Characterization of photon detection efficiency and dark count rate.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a peak photon detection efficiency close to 50% at 550nm.
  • Demonstrated low dark count rates suitable for single-molecule detection.
  • Manufactured SPADs with optimized optical coupling and spatial resolution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPAD array is well-suited for parallel single-molecule analysis.
  • Custom fabrication technology enables high-performance detectors with efficient optical coupling.
  • The compact module integrates all necessary electronics for seamless experimental integration.