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Related Concept Videos

Types of Damping01:20

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If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the...
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Understanding (sessile/constrained) bubble and drop oscillations.

A J B Milne1, B Defez2, M Cabrerizo-Vílchez3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G8, Canada.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
|December 24, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study unifies drop and bubble oscillation concepts, finding oscillation causes don't impact frequency. Advanced models predict frequency well, but new models are needed for low-frequency modes across various contact angles.

Keywords:
Capillary waveConstrainedContact angleDropOscillationSessile

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface physics
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Drop and bubble oscillations are complex phenomena governed by various forces.
  • Existing literature lacks a unified framework for understanding these oscillations.
  • Capillary wave oscillations in constrained drops require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a unifying conceptual framework for drop and bubble oscillations.
  • To evaluate existing mathematical models for predicting oscillation frequencies.
  • To identify limitations in current models, particularly for specific oscillation modes and contact angles.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of diffuse literature on drop oscillation.
  • Development of a unifying conceptual framework for drop and bubble dynamics.
  • Experimental study of sessile drops in cross-flowing air using whole profile analysis.
  • Testing mathematical models against experimental and literature data.

Main Results:

  • Oscillation frequency is independent of the excitation cause (e.g., airflow, vibration).
  • Simplified models poorly predict oscillation frequencies.
  • Advanced models show reasonable accuracy in frequency prediction.
  • No current models reliably predict frequencies across a wide range of contact angles.

Conclusions:

  • A unified framework for drop and bubble oscillations has been established.
  • Advanced models are effective for frequency prediction, but limitations exist.
  • Further development of models and empirical relations is necessary for low-frequency oscillation modes and diverse contact angles.