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Dermatological disorders in chronic kidney disease with and without maintenance hemodialysis

Aparna Shah1, Rajani Hada2, Bhasker Mahan Mehar Kayastha3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Shree Birendra Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association
|December 24, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Dermatological disorders affect all patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is associated with fewer nail and hair abnormalities in CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Dermatological disorders are highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • These skin conditions affect nearly all CKD patients, impacting quality of life.
  • Understanding these disorders in CKD patients with and without maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate dermatological disorders in CKD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) versus those without MHD.
  • To assess the association of these disorders with patient age, sex, CKD severity, and duration.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted.
  • Eighty-three patients with established CKD were included: 35 without MHD and 48 with MHD.
  • Patients were examined for various dermatological manifestations.

Main Results:

  • All CKD patients (100%) exhibited dermatological disorders, including pallor, xerosis, pigmentary changes, pruritus, skin infections, mucosal changes, and nail/hair abnormalities.
  • While age, sex, blood urea, and hemoglobin levels were similar between groups, specific nail changes (8.3% vs 22.8%) and hair abnormalities (47.9% vs 74.3%) were significantly lower in MHD patients.
  • Non-specific nail changes were also lower in MHD patients (75% vs 91.4%).

Conclusions:

  • Dermatological disorders are universal in CKD patients.
  • Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is associated with a significant reduction in specific nail and hair abnormalities.
  • Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiology and treatment effects of these dermatological conditions in CKD.
Abstract

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