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Bottom-up and top-down attention: different processes and overlapping neural systems.

Fumi Katsuki1, Christos Constantinidis2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry
|December 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The brain uses attention to focus on important stimuli. Both external (bottom-up) and internal (top-down) attention rely on the frontoparietal network for neural processing.

Keywords:
intraparietal sulcusmonkeyneurophysiologyposterior parietalprefrontal

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • The brain has limited sensory processing capacity.
  • Attention is crucial for focusing neural resources.
  • Attention guides sensory processing based on external stimuli or internal goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the neural circuits and mechanisms underlying bottom-up and top-down attention.
  • To understand how attention influences neuronal activity.

Main Methods:

  • Neurophysiological experiments were conducted.
  • Investigated the effects of attention on neuronal firing rate, variability, and correlations.

Main Results:

  • Distinct neural processes mediate bottom-up and top-down attention.
  • Attention modulates neuronal firing rate, variability, and inter-neuronal correlations.
  • The frontoparietal network is vital for both attentional processes.

Conclusions:

  • The frontoparietal network serves as a common neural substrate for both bottom-up and top-down attention.
  • Understanding these attentional mechanisms is key to cognitive neuroscience.