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Related Concept Videos

Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...
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Components of Language01:24

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Effective communication is the foundation of a good organization. Communication is the lifeblood of an organization that connects the group with messages. In an organization, communication occurs in upward, downward, and horizontal lines. Downward communication travels from the administrative and senior levels to the staff through official channels such as manuals, rules and regulations, and organizational charts. Staff members initiate upward communication, which is addressed to executives and...
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Talking as doing: Language forms and public language.

Carol A Fowler1

  • 1University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, and Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT 06511.

New Ideas in Psychology
|December 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Language forms, vocal tract actions, enable public communication and social coordination. These forms are not meaningless, bridging the gap between sound and meaning through embodiment.

Keywords:
embodimentform-meaning riftlanguage formspublic language

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Sociolinguistics

Background:

  • Traditional phonological theories focus on mental categories, not public use.
  • Language forms are adapted for public vocal tract actions.
  • The function of language forms extends beyond syntax to social coordination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the nature and function of language forms in public use.
  • To explore the role of phonological actions in interpersonal coordination.
  • To investigate the bidirectional relationship between form and meaning in language.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of language forms as vocal tract actions.
  • Examination of the role of phonological forms in social activities.
  • Discussion of the embodiment of meaning in language.

Main Results:

  • Language forms are primarily vocal tract actions, not abstract mental categories.
  • Phonological actions facilitate interpersonal coordination in social contexts.
  • A bidirectional bridge exists between form and meaning, with smallest forms being meaningful and lexical meanings involving embodiment.

Conclusions:

  • Language forms are crucial for public language use and social coordination.
  • The inherent meaningfulness of phonological forms challenges traditional views.
  • Embodiment plays a significant role in how language meanings are understood.