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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

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Overview
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis
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Paget's disease of bone.

Gregory Gruener1, Pauline Camacho2

  • 1Leischner Institute of Medical Education and Department of Neurology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|December 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Paget's disease is a bone disorder causing abnormal resorption and remodeling, leading to weakened bones. Its decreasing prevalence suggests environmental and genetic factors are key to understanding this condition.

Keywords:
IBMPFD (inclusion body myopathy and Paget disease of bone and/or frontotemporal dementia)Paget’s disease of boneRANK (receptor activator of NF-κB)RANKL bisphosphonatesSQSTM1 genealkaline phosphataseexpansile skeletal hyperplasia)familial expansive osteolysis (early onset familial Paget diseasefamilial or idiopathic hyperphosphatasia (juvenile Paget disease)idiopathic hyperphosphatasia or IHH)juvenile Paget’s disease of bone (familial hyperphosphatasemiaosteitis deformansosteoblastic phaseosteodystrophia deformansosteolytic phaseosteosarcomap62 protein or sequestosome-1pamidronaterisedronatesclerotic phasesensorineural hearing lossvascular stealzoledronate

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and pathology
  • Genetics and environmental influences on skeletal disorders

Background:

  • Paget's disease is characterized by excessive osteoclastic bone resorption and disordered bone remodeling.
  • This leads to structurally compromised bone tissue and increased fracture risk.

Observation:

  • Geographic prevalence of Paget's disease is variable and declining in previously high-prevalence areas.
  • The age of onset is also increasing, particularly in regions where effective treatments are available.

Findings:

  • The changing epidemiology suggests a complex etiology involving both genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.
  • Effective medical therapies are impacting the disease's incidence and progression.

Implications:

  • Understanding Paget's disease pathophysiology offers insights into other inherited osteolytic bone disorders.
  • Further research into cellular processes can clarify related skeletal pathologies and inform therapeutic strategies.