Neurologic disorders associated with disease of the ovaries and testis

The spectrum of neurologic complications of disease of the testis and ovaries includes complications of established neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). It also includes diverse CNS presentations that precede a known diagnosis of testis or ovarian tumors. Well-defined clinical phenotypes, imaging characteristics, and specific serum markers allow clinical recognition and search for a primary gonadal neoplasm. Androgen receptor abnormalities and primary ovarian failure frequently occur in a number of inherited disorders that also affect the CNS and PNS. Moreover, the integrity and normal function of the ovaries and testis may be affected in common neurologic disorders leading in part to infertility in male patients.