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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

C Lamy¹, C Oppenheim¹, J L Mas¹

¹Department of Neurology, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

|December 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) causes reversible brain swelling without permanent damage. Promptly controlling blood pressure and discontinuing certain drugs are key for recovery.

Keywords:

Reversible posterior encephalopathy cerebral edema hypertensive encephalopathy immunosuppressive drugs magnetic resonance imaging posterior leukoencephalopathy

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Pathophysiology

Background:

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinicoradiologic condition.
It presents with reversible vasogenic edema without infarction.
Known causes include hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the understanding of PRES.
To discuss the controversial pathogenesis theories.
To highlight diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Main Methods:

Literature review of PRES.
Analysis of neuroimaging findings (MRI).
Correlation of clinical presentation with radiologic evidence.

Main Results:

PRES is characterized by reversible subcortical edema on MRI.
Clinical symptoms include headache, encephalopathy, visual disturbances, and seizures.
Diagnosis relies heavily on MRI findings and clinical recovery.

Conclusions:

The exact pathogenesis of PRES remains debated.
Prompt diagnosis and management (BP control, drug withdrawal) are crucial for reversibility.
PRES has significant therapeutic and prognostic implications.