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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Functional Characterization of Regulatory Macrophages That Inhibit Graft-reactive Immunity
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Functional Characterization of Regulatory Macrophages That Inhibit Graft-reactive Immunity

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Self-reactive T cells: suppressing the suppressors.

Jürgen C Becker1, Per thor Straten, Mads Hald Andersen

  • 1Department of General Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII
|December 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Self-reactive T (srT) cells target normal immune cells, challenging self-tolerance. These srT cells may suppress regulatory cells, offering a novel cancer therapy target.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Immunoregulation

Background:

  • Immune homeostasis relies on self-tolerance to prevent attacks on the body's own tissues.
  • Recent findings reveal immune responses against self-proteins in regulatory immune cells, particularly in cancer patients.
  • This loss of tolerance suggests a role for self-reactive T (srT) cells in immune system fine-tuning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the nature and function of self-reactive T (srT) cells.
  • To investigate the implications of srT cells in immune regulation and cancer.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of targeting srT cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of antigen-specific cellular immune responses.
  • Characterization of T cell populations targeting self-antigens.

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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

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  • Investigation of srT cell cytotoxicity against regulatory immune cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of cytotoxic srT cells capable of eliminating normal regulatory immune cells.
    • Evidence suggesting srT cells may act as effectors to suppress regulatory suppressor cells.
    • Limited but significant understanding of srT cell characteristics and roles.

    Conclusions:

    • Self-reactive T (srT) cells exhibit cytotoxic activity against regulatory immune cells, challenging established self-tolerance.
    • srT cells may play a crucial role in suppressing regulatory immune cells, impacting immune homeostasis.
    • Targeting srT cells presents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for cancer by modulating immune-regulatory networks.