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Updated: May 4, 2026
Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
Published on: February 25, 2022
Refractory Arthrographis kalrae native knee joint infection
Peter Boan1, Ian Arthur1, Clay Golledge1
1Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII medical centre, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Perth 6009, Australia.
Abstract:
Rare reports of infection with Arthrographis kalrae have often demonstrated a protracted clinical course. We describe refractory infection of the native knee with Arthrographis kalrae after a penetrating injury and Yttrium synovectomy, finally controlled with two stage joint revision and combination antifungal therapy. The paucity of worldwide data about such uncommon invasive fungal infections contributes to the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of these cases.
Insights
Arthrographis kalrae fungal infections are rare and difficult to treat. This case study shows successful management of a refractory knee infection using joint revision and antifungal therapy.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Infections caused by Arthrographis kalrae are infrequently reported and typically follow a prolonged clinical course.
- Arthrographis kalrae is an uncommon cause of invasive fungal infections, presenting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to limited global data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a case of refractory knee infection caused by Arthrographis kalrae.
- To highlight the management strategies for invasive Arthrographis kalrae infections in orthopedic settings.
Main Methods:
- The study presents a case of native knee infection following penetrating injury and Yttrium synovectomy.
- Treatment involved a two-stage joint revision and combination antifungal therapy.
Main Results:
- The refractory Arthrographis kalrae knee infection was successfully controlled.
- The combination of surgical intervention and antifungal treatment proved effective.
Conclusions:
- Invasive Arthrographis kalrae infections, though rare, require persistent management.
- Multimodal treatment including surgical revision and antifungal therapy is crucial for successful outcomes in challenging fungal joint infections.
