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Updated: May 4, 2026
Evaluation of Polymeric Gene Delivery Nanoparticles by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and High-throughput Flow Cytometry
Published on: March 1, 2013
A mini review of biodegradable calcium phosphate nanoparticles for gene delivery
Ying Xie, Yun Chen, Minjie Sun
1Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China. sun_minjie@163.com.
Abstract:
Nucleic acid drugs are promising new therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases including genetic diseases, viral diseases, and cancer. However, their poor intracellular bioavailability and rapid degradation hinder their development as drugs. Therefore, the main challenge is to develop an efficient delivery system. Calcium phosphate has been widely used to transfect cultured cells for 40 years, due to its safety, simply of production and noticeable efficacy of transfection. Unfortunately, calcium phosphate particles show poor colloidal stability because of uncontrolled growth, which impedes their practical use. Recently, investigators have designed a variety of biodegradable calcium phosphate nanocarriers and achieved efficient gene delivery both in vitro and in vivo with low toxicity. In this review, we focus on the current research activity in the development of calcium phosphate nanoparticlss for gene delivery. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles are mainly classified into lipid coated and polymer coated ones for discussion. In addition, cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of calcium phosphate nanoparticles are also mentioned.
Insights
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles offer a promising solution for delivering nucleic acid drugs, overcoming challenges in bioavailability and degradation for treating genetic diseases, viral infections, and cancer.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Drug Delivery
Background:
- Nucleic acid drugs show therapeutic potential for genetic diseases, viral infections, and cancer.
- Poor intracellular bioavailability and rapid degradation limit the clinical application of nucleic acid drugs.
- Efficient delivery systems are crucial for overcoming these limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development of calcium phosphate nanoparticles for gene delivery.
- To discuss the classification and properties of calcium phosphate nanocarriers.
- To highlight cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Review of current research on calcium phosphate nanoparticles for gene delivery.
- Classification of nanoparticles into lipid-coated and polymer-coated categories.
- Discussion of in vitro and in vivo gene delivery efficacy and toxicity.
Main Results:
- Biodegradable calcium phosphate nanocarriers demonstrate efficient gene delivery with low toxicity.
- Lipid-coated and polymer-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles are key areas of development.
- Understanding cellular uptake and trafficking is essential for optimizing delivery.
Conclusions:
- Calcium phosphate nanoparticles represent a viable and effective strategy for nucleic acid drug delivery.
- Further research into nanocarrier design and intracellular mechanisms will enhance therapeutic applications.
- These nanocarriers hold significant promise for treating a range of diseases.
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