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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Structural and functional underconnectivity as a negative predictor for language in autism.

Marjolein Verly1, Judith Verhoeven, Inge Zink

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, ExpORL, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Human Brain Mapping
|December 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show differences in brain connectivity, impacting language skills. Reduced structural and functional connectivity in the language network is linked to impaired language performance in ASD.

Keywords:
arcuate fascicleautism spectrum disorderdiffusion tensor imagingfunctional MRIlanguage impairment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by distinct challenges in language, social interaction, and communication.
  • Atypical brain connectivity is a common finding in individuals with ASD, but its relationship with language deficits is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and functional connectivity of the language network in children with ASD.
  • To examine the relationship between brain connectivity and language performance in children with ASD compared to neurotypical controls.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging tractography and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were employed.
  • Structural and functional connectivity of the language network were analyzed in 17 children with ASD and 25 healthy controls.
  • Language performance was assessed using verbal IQ, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF-4NL).

Main Results:

  • The right-hemispheric arcuate fascicle (AF) was absent in 59% of children with ASD, compared to 28% of controls.
  • Absence of the right AF in ASD was associated with lower verbal IQ, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test scores, and CELF-4NL scores.
  • Children with ASD exhibited reduced intrahemispheric functional connectivity within the cortical language network, linking language impairment to underconnectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and functional underconnectivity within the language network are present in children with ASD.
  • These connectivity deficits correlate with abnormal language function, highlighting a neural basis for language impairments in ASD.