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Identifying Developmental Language Disorder in Bilingual Children Using Narrative Measures.

Lotte Van den Eynde1, Ellen Rombouts1,2,3, Maaike Vandermosten1,2,3

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Combining specific narrative measures can accurately identify developmental language disorder (DLD) in bilingual children. This approach enhances diagnostic accuracy for bilingual children with DLD compared to individual measures.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Narrative abilities are crucial for communication and identifying developmental language disorder (DLD).
  • Assessing bilingual children with DLD presents unique challenges due to linguistic diversity.
  • Limited consensus exists on the most effective narrative measures for distinguishing DLD in bilingual populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively determine the optimal combination of narrative measures for classifying bilingual children with and without DLD.
  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of different narrative tasks (storytelling vs. retelling) and measure combinations.
  • To identify the most informative linguistic features for DLD diagnosis in bilingual children.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty bilingual children with DLD and 50 typically developing (TD) bilingual children (ages 5-9) participated.
  • Narrative skills were assessed in Dutch using storytelling and retelling tasks.
  • Eleven measures of narrative productivity, complexity, and accuracy were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Most measures differentiated groups at the group level but lacked individual diagnostic accuracy.
  • Combining measures significantly improved classification accuracy.
  • A combined approach using four measures from both tasks achieved 85% diagnostic accuracy.
  • Key measures included utterance count, mean utterance length, unique word count, and error frequency.

Conclusions:

  • A limited set of narrative measures offers both diagnostic effectiveness and clinical feasibility.
  • Narrative tasks, with selected measures, are valuable tools for assessing bilingual children with DLD.
  • This supports the integration of narrative assessments in bilingual language evaluations.