[The place of laboratory medicine in the study of biomaterials biocompatibility]

Laboratory medicine is the one of the most important element in the routine medical procedures. Often it is necessary to make the correct diagnosis, which is an important complement to the study. Its role, however, is not limited only to the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients. The authors of this article show to the importance of laboratory tests, taken from a routine medical diagnostics, in scientific research laboratories involved in the assessment of new and modified of biomaterials. In addition to an introduction and summary, the article is divided into four parts on order: place of laboratory medicine in the study of biocompatibility, laboratory testing of the impact of biomaterial in vitro, laboratory testing of the impact of biomaterial in vivo and the right choice of laboratory methodology. The first part of the article shows the general types of biocompatibility tests according to the classification of biomaterial with a view to the type and duration of contact with the body. The types of studies that use laboratory medicine, it was acute, subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity, as well as biocompatibility with blood. The second part of the article shows and explains the validity of research on the effects of biomaterial in vitro and the categories of testing the biocompatibility with blood. Also shows lists the laboratory tests carried out in the various categories of research. In the third part of the article, generally described the impact test method biomaterial in vivo, as well as shows three groups of tests to determine the function of important internal organs, when assessing the toxicity of biomaterials on the body. As in the previous section, this section also contains recommended laboratory tests. The fourth part of the publication presents the concepts of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods, as well as positive and negative predictive value of tests.