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Resisted sprints do not acutely enhance sprinting performance.

Niamh Whelan1, Ciaran OʼRegan, Andrew J Harrison

  • 1Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
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Summary

Resisted sprinting may acutely enhance sprint performance factors like step rate and speed, but evidence for post-activation potentiation (PAP) is limited and inconsistent. Further research is needed to confirm these effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Sprinting speed is crucial for athletic performance across various sports.
  • Long-term resisted sprint training improves acceleration, but acute post-activation potentiation (PAP) effects are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute effects of resisted sprinting on subsequent sprint performance and related biomechanical factors.
  • To determine if resisted sprinting induces post-activation potentiation (PAP) in sprinters.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve active males performed baseline 10-m sprints measuring step rate, step length, ground contact time, and speed.
  • Participants then completed resisted sprints (25-30% body mass) followed by maximal 10-m sprints at various intervals (1-10 minutes).
  • Data analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and typical error analysis.

Main Results:

  • ANOVA indicated initial fatigue followed by enhancements in step rate, contact time, reactive strength index, and running speed (p > 0.05).
  • Typical error analysis revealed these enhancements were limited, unsystematic, and lacked strong evidence of PAP.
  • Resisted sprinting did not provide strong evidence for PAP in 10-m sprint performance.

Conclusions:

  • While some sprint performance metrics showed temporary improvements after resisted sprints, the effects were inconsistent.
  • The study found limited evidence supporting post-activation potentiation (PAP) from acute resisted sprinting in 10-m sprints.
  • Further investigation is required to clarify the relationship between resisted sprinting and acute performance enhancement.