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Recognition and management of iatrogenically induced opioid dependence and withdrawal in children

Jeffrey Galinkin, Jeffrey Lee Koh,

    Pediatrics
    |January 1, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pediatric opioid use can lead to dependence within five days. This study addresses the lack of clinical guidance for recognizing and managing opioid withdrawal in children, a vulnerable population.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric medicine
    • Pain management
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Opioids are frequently prescribed for pediatric pain management.
    • Continuous opioid administration can induce physical dependence in children within days.
    • Current clinical guidelines for opioid withdrawal are primarily for adults, not children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the absence of specific guidance for pediatric opioid withdrawal.
    • To provide a consolidated resource on opioid dependence and withdrawal in children.
    • To support healthcare providers in managing this vulnerable patient group.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of existing studies on pediatric opioid use and withdrawal.
    • Synthesis of information relevant to the recognition and management of opioid withdrawal in children.
    • Development of a guideline based on current evidence.

    Main Results:

    • Opioid dependence can occur rapidly in children with round-the-clock dosing.
    • Pediatric opioid withdrawal symptoms may be underreported or unrecognized.
    • There is a significant gap in clinical guidelines for pediatric opioid withdrawal management.

    Conclusions:

    • A specific guideline is needed for the recognition and management of opioid withdrawal in pediatric patients.
    • Healthcare providers require evidence-based information to address this clinical challenge.
    • This work aims to fill the gap in resources for managing opioid dependence in children.

    Keywords:
    analgesiadependenceopioidssedationwithdrawal

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