New biological treatments for gynecological tumors: focus on angiogenesis

Gennaro Daniele1, Massimo Di Maio, Maria Carmela Piccirillo

  • 1Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale", IRCCS, Clinical Trials Unit , Via M. Semmola, 80131, Napoli , Italy +39 081 593 571 ; +39 081 770 2938 ; f.perrone@istitutotumori.na.it , francesco.perrone@usc-intnapoli.net.

Abstract

Insights

Targeting angiogenesis in gynecological cancers shows promise, but patient selection is key for better outcomes. Antiangiogenic therapies offer new hope in treating these challenging malignancies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gynecologic Oncology

Background:

  • Gynecological tumors are diverse malignancies with limited chemotherapy success in advanced stages.
  • Pathobiology insights reveal novel therapeutic targets, including angiogenesis.
  • Angiogenesis, crucial for tumor growth, is a validated therapeutic target with available treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review angiogenesis as a therapeutic target in gynecological cancer.
  • To discuss the involvement of the angiogenesis machinery in these cancers.
  • To present recent clinical data on antiangiogenic therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on angiogenesis in gynecological cancers.
  • Focus on the role of angiogenesis in tumorigenesis.
  • Analysis of current clinical data for antiangiogenic agents.

Main Results:

  • Antiangiogenic therapies have shown groundbreaking results in specific gynecological tumors like ovarian epithelial cancer.
  • The overall efficacy of antiangiogenic agents has not fully met initial expectations.
  • Patient selection is crucial for optimizing the benefits of these targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Antiangiogenic agents demonstrate clinical relevance in gynecological malignancies.
  • Improved patient selection will likely enhance the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapies.
  • Despite challenges, these targeted approaches represent significant advancements in treating difficult gynecological cancers.

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
6.4K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.0K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
8.5K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.9K