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Utero-tubal Embryo Transfer and Vasectomy in the Mouse Model
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Pig blastocyst-uterine interactions.

Fuller W Bazer1, Gregory A Johnson2

  • 1Departments of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.

Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity
|January 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The pig model reveals crucial details of gestation, from early embryonic development and placental formation to fetal growth and parturition. Understanding these reproductive processes is key for advancing research in mammalian reproduction.

Keywords:
ConceptusImplantationParturitionPigPlacentationUterus

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Comparative Physiology

Background:

  • The domestic pig serves as a vital model for studying mammalian reproductive biology due to its litter-bearing nature.
  • Pig embryos undergo significant morphological changes, transitioning from spherical blastocysts to filamentous forms, facilitating uterine contact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of pig gestation, covering uterine biology, implantation, placentation, fetal development, and parturition.
  • To highlight the unique aspects of pig reproductive physiology, including placental structure and hormonal signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pig reproductive biology.
  • Analysis of morphological and physiological changes during pregnancy in pigs.
  • Examination of hormonal roles in pregnancy recognition and parturition.

Main Results:

  • Pig conceptuses elongate significantly, establishing extensive contact with the uterine epithelium for nutrient and gas exchange.
  • The epitheliochorial placenta in pigs, with specialized areolae, facilitates nutrient transfer.
  • Hormonal signals, including estrogens and cortisol, regulate pregnancy maintenance, fetal development, and the onset of parturition.

Conclusions:

  • The pig's reproductive strategy involves complex interactions between the conceptus and dam, crucial for successful gestation.
  • Understanding pig gestation provides insights into broader mammalian reproductive mechanisms and potential applications in research and agriculture.