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Updated: May 4, 2026
A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
Published on: February 7, 2025
Novel parameters of extended complete blood cell count under fluorescence flow cytometry in patients with sepsis
Borros M Arneth1, Maximilian Ragaller, Kathleen Hommel
1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Background:
We first describe a patient who developed urosepsis from an ordinary urinary tract infection. In this case, the new hematological parameters of immature leukocytes, that is, the high-fluorescence lymphocyte cell (HFLC) and immature granulocyte (IG) counts peaked early, whereas the established infection parameters, that is, C-reactive protein (CRP) and total white blood cell count showed less dynamic regarding infection and therapy.
Methods:
To investigate this phenomenon in greater detail, the novel parameters HFLC and IG counts are investigated retrospectively in a cohort of 38 patients who were admitted to the anesthesia intensive care unit. Three groups of patients have been analyzed and compared: patients without signs of infection, patients with limited infections, and patients with sepsis. Data were collected with a Sysmex XE-5000 hematological analyzer.
Results:
In patients (n = 22) without any signs of infection, both values are very low. In patients with limited local infections (n = 10), moderate elevations of the IG and HFLC counts are seen. In patients with sepsis (n = 6), the IG and HFLC counts are significantly higher.
Conclusion:
The total IG count seems to be useful for distinguishing a septic patient from a nonseptic (P < 0.004). Hematological parameters have the advantage of being measured easily during routine blood cell analysis.
