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Common cancers in centenarians.

Shamfa C Joseph1, Estevan Delcastilo1, Marios Loukas1

  • 1Office of the Dean of Research, School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George, Grenada.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|January 9, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer in centenarians is a growing concern. This study found breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, and urinary cancers are most common in individuals aged 100-115, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Centenarians, individuals living beyond 100 years, represent a growing demographic.
  • Cancer is a significant cause of mortality in centenarians, accounting for 4% of deaths.
  • Understanding cancer prevalence in this age group is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze the most prevalent cancer types among centenarians in the United States.
  • To provide data that can inform the development of targeted cancer prevention and treatment strategies for the oldest old.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) database to identify 1385 centenarian cases (ages 100-115).
  • Focused on the five most common cancers diagnosed between 1973 and 2007.
  • Employed Kaplan-Meier (KM) method for observed survival (OS) analysis and Cox proportional hazard models for hazard ratios, with statistical significance at P<0.05.

Main Results:

  • The study identified the top five cancers affecting centenarians: breast (29.24%), colorectal (19.28%), prostate (18.34%), lung and bronchus (17.83%), and urinary and kidney cancer (15.31%).
  • The cohort comprised 63.47% females and 36.53% males, predominantly white (80.72%).
  • Observed survival rates were calculated for each cancer type.

Conclusions:

  • With an increasing centenarian population, awareness of prevalent cancer types is essential for improved patient management.
  • Findings underscore the need for age-specific oncological research and clinical approaches for the extremely elderly.