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The role of parental education in the relation between ADHD symptoms and executive functions in children
Carin Tillman1, Viktor Granvald2
1Uppsala Child and Baby Lab, Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden Carin.Tillman@psyk.uu.se.
Objective:
Using a population-based sample of 9-year-old children, this study examined whether the relation between symptoms of ADHD and executive functions (EFs) depended on socioeconomic status (SES; indexed by parental education).
Method:
Parents and teachers rated the children's ADHD symptoms, and parents also indicated their educational level in a questionnaire. The children performed a comprehensive set of EF tasks.
Results:
Whereas working memory was similarly related to ADHD symptoms in the lower and higher parental education group, the relations of inhibition and mental set-shifting with ADHD symptoms were generally stronger in the higher educational group, a pattern that was supported by several significant group differences in correlations.
Conclusion:
This suggests that the EF pathway in contemporary multiple pathway models of ADHD etiology may be particularly relevant in higher SES parts of the population.
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