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Updated: May 4, 2026

Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation
Published on: March 13, 2026
Malunited fractures in the hand.
Arjan G J Bot1, Jesse B Jupiter1
1Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Malunion of hand bones can impair function and cause pain. This article outlines a surgical management approach for posttraumatic hand deformities based on classification, location, and associated issues.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Hand surgery
- Traumatology
Background:
- Posttraumatic deformity in tubular hand bones can result from malunion.
- Such deformities can significantly affect hand function, leading to reduced mobility, decreased strength, and pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a structured management approach for posttraumatic hand deformities.
- To guide surgical intervention based on deformity characteristics and patient-specific factors.
Main Methods:
- Classification of hand bone deformities based on type and location.
- Assessment of associated articular, tendon, and soft tissue constraints.
- Development of a management algorithm tailored to deformity specifics.
Main Results:
- Surgical options are determined by the precise nature and site of the deformity.
- Management strategies must account for concurrent injuries to surrounding structures.
Conclusions:
- A systematic approach to classifying and managing posttraumatic hand deformities is crucial.
- Tailored surgical interventions improve functional outcomes and alleviate pain in patients with malunion.
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