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Related Concept Videos

Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

652
Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
652
Curing of Concrete01:20

Curing of Concrete

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The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...
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Types of Cement I01:21

Types of Cement I

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Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
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Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

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Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
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Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

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Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
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Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

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Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments
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Application of Light-cured Dental Adhesive Resin for Mounting Electrodes or Microdialysis Probes in Chronic Experiments

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Composite cements benefit from light-curing.

Anne-Katrin Lührs1, Jan De Munck2, Werner Geurtsen3

  • 1KU Leuven - BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
|January 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complete auto-curing of dental cements significantly reduces bond strength. Light-curing the adhesive or both adhesive and cement maximizes micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) for durable ceramic restorations.

Keywords:
AdhesiveCeramicComposite cementCuringSilaneUniversal adhesive

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Adhesive Dentistry

Background:

  • Optimizing the bond strength of composite cements to feldspathic ceramics is crucial for long-term restoration success.
  • Investigating novel ceramic surface pre-treatments and varying curing modes can enhance adhesive performance.
  • Micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) is a key metric for evaluating the durability of dental luting agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of different curing modes and ceramic silanization pre-treatments on the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of composite cements.
  • To compare the effectiveness of various adhesive systems and ceramic surface preparations in achieving robust ceramic-to-dentin bonds.

Main Methods:

  • Feldspathic ceramic blocks were bonded to dentin using three different luting systems: Optibond XTR/Nexus 3, Scotchbond Universal/RelyX Ultimate, and ED Primer II/Panavia F2.0.
  • Experimental variables included curing modes (complete auto-cure at 21°C or 37°C, light-curing of adhesive with auto-cure of cement, or complete light-curing) and ceramic surface pre-treatments (hydrofluoric acid/silanization/adhesive resin or hydrofluoric acid/silane-incorporated universal adhesive).
  • Bonded specimens were stored in water for 7 days at 37°C before undergoing micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) testing.

Main Results:

  • The ED Primer II/Panavia F2.0 system exhibited significantly lower μTBS values compared to the other composite cements tested.
  • Curing modes involving light-activation of at least the adhesive (light-cure adhesive/auto-cure cement and complete light-curing) resulted in significantly higher μTBS.
  • Complete auto-curing yielded the lowest μTBS, although higher auto-curing temperature improved results for ED/PAF.
  • The hydrofluoric acid/silanization/adhesive resin pre-treatment showed significantly higher μTBS than the hydrofluoric acid/universal adhesive pre-treatment when the adhesive was light-cured.

Conclusions:

  • Complete auto-curing of composite cements leads to inferior micro-tensile bond strength compared to light-curing protocols.
  • Light-curing the adhesive component, or both the adhesive and cement, is essential for achieving optimal bond strength in ceramic restorations.
  • The use of a silane-incorporated universal adhesive does not compromise luting effectiveness when the composite cement is light-cured.