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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

1.6K
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Inflammatory bowel disease: pathogenesis.

Yi-Zhen Zhang1, Yong-Yu Li1

  • 1Yi-Zhen Zhang, Yong-Yu Li, Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|January 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic gut inflammation due to genetic susceptibility and immune responses to gut microbes. Advances highlight the roles of innate and adaptive immunity, alongside genetic, microbial, and environmental factors.

Keywords:
Crohn’s diseaseGeneticsImmune responsesInflammatory bowel diseaseMicrobial factorsPathogenesisUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Immunology
  • Genetics of Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, presents a growing global health challenge characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation.
  • IBD pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, microbial interactions, and aberrant immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the complex pathogenesis of IBD.
  • To update on key discoveries in genetic susceptibility, immune responses, and environmental/microbial factors contributing to IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies in IBD genetics, immunology, and environmental/microbial research.
  • Synthesis of findings from international collaborative genetic studies and immunological investigations.

Main Results:

  • Identification of 163 IBD susceptibility gene loci, with overlapping genes in childhood and adult-onset IBD.
  • Clarification of the significant roles of both innate and adaptive immune responses in driving gut inflammation.
  • Emphasis on the interplay between genetic factors and environmental/microbial cues in IBD development.

Conclusions:

  • IBD pathogenesis is a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune system factors.
  • Recent research has significantly advanced our understanding of these contributing mechanisms, particularly in genetics and immunology.