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Related Experiment Videos

Tuberculin sensitivity.

R J Eason

    Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
    |June 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Birth BCG vaccination does not impede tuberculin testing in children under 8 years old. Tuberculin sensitivity wanes with age but does not indicate a loss of protection against tuberculosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Public Health
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is widely used globally for tuberculosis prevention.
    • The impact of BCG vaccination on the diagnostic utility of tuberculin skin testing (TST) is a critical public health consideration.
    • Understanding the long-term tuberculin sensitivity patterns post-BCG is essential for accurate tuberculosis surveillance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effect of birth BCG vaccination on tuberculin sensitivity in children and adolescents.
    • To determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection using TST in a BCG-vaccinated population.
    • To assess whether waning tuberculin responsiveness after BCG vaccination correlates with diminished clinical protection.

    Main Methods:

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  • A prospective study involving 3610 subjects under 20 years old in the Solomon Islands.
  • Administered 5 TU Mantoux tuberculin skin testing.
  • Monitored induration size to differentiate BCG-induced reactions from true tuberculin infection.

    • Main Results:

    • Mantoux positivity decreased from 81% in the first 6 months post-BCG to 13% in children aged 1-8 years.
    • TST positivity in BCG-vaccinated children aged 1-8 years was not significantly different from unvaccinated subjects (13% vs 9%).
    • BCG-induced reactions were typically <15 mm induration, while stronger reactions (≥15 mm) indicated infection, with prevalence rising from 2% to 16% with age.

    Conclusions:

    • Birth BCG vaccination does not compromise the diagnostic value of tuberculin testing in children.
    • Waning tuberculin responsiveness in BCG-vaccinated children does not signify a loss of protection against tuberculosis.
    • TST remains a valuable tool for diagnosing tuberculosis infection, even in BCG-vaccinated populations, when induration thresholds are appropriately considered.