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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

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[Multiple sclerosis and endothelial dysfunction (a review)].

N N Spirina, N N Spirin, O A Fadeeva

    Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
    |January 15, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    The endothelium maintains vascular health and is crucial for the blood-brain barrier. Endothelial dysfunction contributes to diseases like multiple sclerosis by damaging this barrier.

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    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Biology
    • Neuroimmunology

    Context:

    • The endothelium is vital for vascular homeostasis and forms the blood-brain barrier.
    • Endothelial dysfunction is implicated in systemic diseases, notably multiple sclerosis.

    Purpose:

    • To review the structural and functional aspects of healthy endothelium and endothelial dysfunction.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage in multiple sclerosis.

    Summary:

    • This review details endothelial cell function, dysfunction, and its role in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis.
    • Key factors discussed include endothelial cells, adhesion molecules, and cerebral hypoperfusion in blood-brain barrier damage.

    Impact:

    • Provides a comprehensive overview of endothelial involvement in multiple sclerosis.
    • Highlights potential therapeutic targets for managing neuroinflammatory diseases.