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Published on: October 19, 2014
CD1d expression is higher in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with unfavorable prognosis
Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak1, Iwona Hus2, Sylwia Chocholska3
1Chair and Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Insights
CD1d molecule and mRNA expression are lower in B cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients compared to healthy individuals. Higher CD1d expression correlates with advanced disease, unfavorable genetics, and poorer survival outcomes in CLL.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous B-cell malignancy.
- The role of CD1d and its associated pathways in CLL pathogenesis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate CD1d molecule and mRNA expression in B cells from CLL patients.
- To determine the correlation between CD1d expression and clinical parameters, disease progression, and patient survival in CLL.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were employed.
- Analysis included CD1d expression on B cells (CD1d+/CD19+), staining intensity, and transcript levels.
Main Results:
- Lower CD1d molecule and mRNA expression were observed in CLL B cells compared to healthy controls.
- CD1d expression, including frequency and intensity, increased with CLL disease stage.
- Elevated CD1d expression correlated with ZAP-70 and CD38 expression, unfavorable cytogenetics, shorter time to treatment, and reduced overall survival.
- CD1d expression demonstrated dynamic changes over time within individual patients.
Conclusions:
- CD1d expression serves as a potential prognostic biomarker in CLL.
- The inverse correlation between CD1d+ B cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells suggests complex immune interactions in CLL.
Abstract:
Through the analysis of CD1d expression by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR we showed lower CD1d molecule and CD1d mRNA expression in B cells of CLL patients than of healthy controls. The frequency of CD1d(+)/CD19(+) cells, CD1d staining intensity and CD1d transcript levels increased with the disease stage. CD1d expression was positively associated with ZAP-70 and CD38 expressions as well as with unfavourable cytogenetic changes. We established the relationship between high CD1d expression and shorter time to treatment and overall survival. We observed that CD1d expression in individual patients significantly changed over time. The percentage of CD1d(+)/CD19(+) cells inversely correlated with the percentage of iNKT cells.
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