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Related Concept Videos

Plant Tissue Culture02:57

Plant Tissue Culture

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Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
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Asexual reproduction allows plants to reproduce without growing flowers, attracting pollinators, or dispersing seeds. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent and produced without the fusion of male and female gametes.
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Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
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Development of maize caryopses resulting from in-vitro pollination.

B G Gengenbach1

  • 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA.

Planta
|January 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Maize ovaries were fertilized in vitro, leading to varied kernel development. Some embryos and kernels showed germination potential, indicating successful maize reproduction outside the plant.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Understanding maize (Zea mays L.) reproductive processes is crucial for crop improvement.
  • In vitro fertilization techniques offer controlled environments for studying plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of in vitro fertilization and subsequent kernel development in maize.
  • To assess the viability and germination potential of maize kernels developed under controlled conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Intact maize ovaries were excised from unpollinated ears and cultured on agar-based media.
  • Pollen was applied to silks positioned outside Petri dishes for fertilization.
  • Kernel development was monitored over 40 days, with assessments of embryo and endosperm formation.

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  • Germination rates of developed kernels and excised embryos were evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • 46% of excised maize ovaries achieved fertilization.
    • Kernel development varied, with some showing only embryo and others embryo with endosperm.
    • Approximately 5% of ovaries developed into normal kernels.
    • 60% of kernels with endosperm and 70% of excised embryos (from embryo-only kernels) demonstrated germination.

    Conclusions:

    • In vitro fertilization of maize ovaries is achievable, supporting early reproductive development.
    • Maize kernels and embryos developed in vitro exhibit significant germination potential.
    • This method provides a viable system for studying maize fertilization and early kernel development.