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Anorexia Nervosa

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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Related Experiment Video

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Bone metabolism in anorexia nervosa.

Pouneh K Fazeli1, Anne Klibanski

  • 1Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Bulfinch 457, Boston, MA, 02114, USA, pkfazeli@partners.org.

Current Osteoporosis Reports
|January 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Anorexia nervosa (AN) causes low bone mass due to hormonal changes that uncouple bone formation and resorption. Treatments to prevent bone loss are critical for reducing fracture risk in patients with AN.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Psychiatric Disorders

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder common in young women.
  • It involves self-imposed nutritional deprivation and body image distortion.
  • AN is linked to medical issues, notably low bone mass.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the hormonal factors contributing to low bone mass in AN.
  • To discuss treatments investigated for preventing bone loss in AN patients.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes existing research on hormonal determinants and treatments for low bone mass in AN.

Main Results:

  • Low bone mass in AN results from hormonal adaptations that disrupt the balance between bone formation and resorption.

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  • These adaptations aim to reduce energy expenditure during caloric restriction.

    • Conclusions:

    • The hormonal dysregulation in AN significantly impairs bone health.
    • Effective treatments are crucial to mitigate fracture risk associated with low bone mass in this population.