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Inflating graphene with atomic scale blisters.

Alex W Robertson¹, Kuang He, Angus I Kirkland

¹Department of Materials, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom.

|January 16, 2014

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Electron beam irradiation creates unique graphene blister defects, incorporating extra carbon atoms. These defects, unlike vacancies, can facilitate dislocation movement within the graphene lattice.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Solid-State Physics

Background:

Graphene's unique properties are sensitive to lattice defects.
Vacancy defects involve missing atoms, while blister defects incorporate additional atoms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the formation and behavior of graphene blister defects induced by electron beam irradiation.
To characterize the atomic structure and stability of these novel defects.

Main Methods:

Utilizing 80 kV electron beam irradiation to create defects in graphene.
Employing aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy for atomic-resolution imaging.
Analyzing defect reconfiguration and annihilation dynamics under electron beam exposure.

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Main Results:

Successfully created graphene blister defects containing up to six additional carbon atoms.
Observed blister formation from existing divacancies, with subsequent reconfiguration and annihilation.
Demonstrated that blister defects are often coupled with dislocations, acting as intermediate states for dislocation core climb.

Conclusions:

Graphene blister defects represent a distinct class of defect, contrasting with vacancy defects.
These defects play a crucial role in mediating dislocation motion in graphene without atom ejection.
The findings offer new insights into defect dynamics and their impact on graphene's mechanical properties.