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Related Concept Videos

The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Chemical Synapses01:26

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
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Synaptic Signaling01:12

Synaptic Signaling

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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Brain Membrane Fractionation: An Ex Vivo Approach to Assess Subsynaptic Protein Localization
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Brain Membrane Fractionation: An Ex Vivo Approach to Assess Subsynaptic Protein Localization

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Presynaptic membrane receptor in human brain.

Suhail Rasool1, Madhuri Behari2, Vinay Goyal2

  • 1Department of Physiology and Neursociences MSB 453, NYU Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA.

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry : IJCB
|January 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Myasthenia gravis patients develop antibodies against a brain protein, presynaptic membrane receptor (PsmR). This discovery offers a new diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis.

Keywords:
Human cadaver brainPresynaptic membrane receptorβ-Bgtx and purification

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by antibodies targeting the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the neuromuscular junction.
  • Approximately 90% of MG patients exhibit anti-AChR antibodies, confirming the autoimmune basis and pathogenic role of these antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of antibodies against a novel protein, presynaptic membrane receptor (PsmR), in myasthenia gravis patients.
  • To characterize PsmR purified from human brain tissue and assess its immunoreactivity with myasthenic sera.

Main Methods:

  • Purification of PsmR from different human brain regions using β-Bgtx Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography.
  • Biochemical and immunological characterization of the purified PsmR.
  • Analysis of PsmR immunoreactivity with sera from myasthenia gravis patients.

Main Results:

  • PsmR was successfully purified from parietal, occipital, and frontal lobes of the human brain.
  • Purified PsmR exhibited specific activity and molecular weights of 87 and 68 kDa.
  • Myasthenic sera showed immunoreactivity with affinity-purified PsmR, indicating it as a potential autoantigen in MG.
  • PsmR was identified as a glycoprotein with both carbohydrate and peptide epitopes contributing to immunoreactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Presynaptic membrane receptor (PsmR) from the brain is a novel autoantigen implicated in myasthenia gravis pathogenesis.
  • The presence of autoantibodies against PsmR in MG patients suggests its potential as a diagnostic biomarker.
  • Further research into PsmR and associated antibodies could lead to improved diagnostic tools for myasthenia gravis.