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Related Concept Videos

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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Archaeal cell walls are structurally and compositionally distinct from their bacterial counterparts, lacking the characteristic peptidoglycan layer found in most bacteria. Instead, archaeal cell walls exhibit remarkable diversity, utilizing materials such as pseudomurein, polysaccharides, and proteins to construct their protective outer layers. This structural flexibility is closely tied to archaea's ecological adaptability.S-Layers: The Common Archaeal Cell WallThe S-layer is the most...
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The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
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Plant Cell Wall01:07

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Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
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Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

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Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Fluorescent Immunolocalization of Arabinogalactan Proteins and Pectins in the Cell Wall of Plant Tissues
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Fluorescent Immunolocalization of Arabinogalactan Proteins and Pectins in the Cell Wall of Plant Tissues

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Pectic arabinan side chains are essential for pollen cell wall integrity during pollen development.

Katarina Cankar1, Anne Kortstee, Marcel A J Toonen

  • 1Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

Plant Biotechnology Journal
|January 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Reduced pectic arabinan in potato cell walls causes male sterility by decreasing pollen viability. This highlights the crucial role of arabinan side chains in pollen maturation and cell wall remodeling during dehydration.

Keywords:
Solanum tuberosumarabinancell wall modificationpectinpollen sterilitypotato

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pectin is a vital plant cell wall polysaccharide influencing mechanical strength and cell adhesion.
  • Understanding pectin's structure-function relationship is key to plant development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of specific pectin modifications in potato reproductive success.
  • To elucidate the function of pectic arabinan and galactan side chains in pollen viability.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of transgenic potato lines with altered pectin composition.
  • Microscopic examination of anthers and pollen at various developmental stages.
  • Scanning electron microscopy to observe pollen grain morphology.

Main Results:

  • Altered pectin composition led to male sterility in some transgenic lines.
  • Reduced pectic arabinan severely decreased mature pollen viability.
  • Observed pollen bursting and cytoplasmic leakage, linked to tapetum degeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Pectic arabinan side chains are essential for pollen viability during maturation and dehydration.
  • Specific pectin structures play critical roles in plant reproduction and cell wall dynamics.