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Functional Interrogation of Adult Hypothalamic Neurogenesis with Focal Radiological Inhibition
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Clinical investigation and imaging.

Daniel Studer1

  • 1Orthopaedic Department, University Children's Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.

Journal of Children'S Orthopaedics
|January 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity diagnosed in children aged 10+. Early detection and assessment, including physical exams and X-rays, are vital for predicting curve progression and managing this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) affects 2-4% of children, with a higher progression rate to severe curves in females.
  • Currently, AIS has no identifiable cause, making it a diagnosis of exclusion.
  • Accurate diagnosis and risk assessment are crucial for managing AIS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic process for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS).
  • To emphasize the importance of clinical evaluation and imaging in predicting curve progression.
  • To discuss the role of various diagnostic modalities in AIS management.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed patient history focusing on family history, menarche, pain, and neurological changes.
  • Comprehensive physical examination including anthropometrics, pubertal staging, and the Adams' forward bending test.
Keywords:
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosisClinical investigationImagingPatient’s history

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  • Radiographic assessment using plain radiography (Cobb angle, sagittal balance) as the gold standard; consideration of surface topography and MRI for specific indications.

    • Main Results:

    • History and physical examination are essential for excluding other causes and assessing progression risk.
    • Standing coronal radiography with Cobb angle measurement is the definitive diagnostic tool.
    • Surface topography can reduce radiation exposure, while MRI is indicated for atypical cases or neurological findings.

    Conclusions:

    • A thorough evaluation combining history, physical examination, and radiography is critical for diagnosing and managing AIS.
    • Early identification of risk factors and curve progression is key to effective treatment.
    • The diagnostic approach for AIS requires a multi-faceted strategy tailored to individual patient needs.