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Primary oral Penicillium marneffei infection diagnosed by PCR-based molecular identification and transmission
Xia Hua1, Ruifeng Zhang1, Hanjun Yang1
1Department of Dermatovenerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Abstract:
We report a case of primary oral Penicillium marneffei infection in a 39-year-old man without HIV infection. Although fungal culture was negative, the patient was finally confirmed to have P. marneffei infection by PCR-based molecular identification and transmission electron microscopic observation from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. The patient was cured with taking itraconazole for 3 months.
Insights
A rare case of primary oral Penicillium marneffei infection was diagnosed in an immunocompetent man. Molecular identification confirmed the fungal infection, leading to successful treatment with itraconazole.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Mycology
Background:
- Penicillium marneffei is an emerging fungal pathogen.
- Oral manifestations of P. marneffei infection are rare, especially in immunocompetent individuals.
- Diagnosis can be challenging due to non-specific clinical presentations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a unique case of primary oral Penicillium marneffei infection.
- To highlight the diagnostic utility of molecular techniques in challenging fungal infections.
- To emphasize the successful treatment outcome.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a 39-year-old immunocompetent male with oral lesions.
- Negative fungal cultures.
- Diagnosis confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.
- Treatment with oral itraconazole.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with oral lesions suggestive of fungal infection.
- Standard fungal cultures were negative.
- PCR and TEM confirmed Penicillium marneffei.
- Complete resolution of infection after 3 months of itraconazole therapy.
Conclusions:
- Primary oral Penicillium marneffei infection can occur in immunocompetent individuals.
- Molecular methods (PCR) and electron microscopy are crucial for diagnosing P. marneffei when cultures are negative.
- Itraconazole is an effective treatment for oral P. marneffei infection.
