Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026

A Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Venous Malformation
Published on: June 15, 2020
Pelvic vascular malformations
Brian M Christenson1, Matthew G Gipson1, Mitchell T Smith1
1Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Abstract:
Vascular malformations (VMs) comprise a wide spectrum of lesions that are classified by content and flow characteristics. These lesions, occurring in both focal and diffuse forms, can involve any organ and tissue plane and can cause significant morbidity in both children and adults. Since treatment strategy depends on the type of malformation, correct diagnosis and classification of a vascular lesion are crucial. Slow-flow VMs (venous and lymphatic malformations) are often treated by sclerotherapy, whereas fast-flow lesions (arteriovenous malformations) are generally managed with embolization. In addition, some cases of VMs are best treated surgically. This review will present an overview of VMs in the female pelvis as well as a discussion of endovascular therapeutic techniques.
Related Concept Videos
Teratogenicity
Varicose Veins I: Introduction
Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
Portal Hypertension
Development of Blood Vessels
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

