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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: May 3, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Published on: January 10, 2017

Charge separation pathways in a highly efficient polymer: fullerene solar cell material.

Arun Aby Paraecattil¹, Natalie Banerji

¹Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , SB ISIC GR-MO, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|January 21, 2014

Summary

The study reveals multiple efficient pathways for charge generation in polymer:fullerene solar cells, contributing to high photovoltaic performance. Favorable blend morphology and exciton delocalization ensure excellent charge generation regardless of excitation conditions.

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Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

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Published on: August 23, 2012

Area of Science:

Organic electronics
Photovoltaics
Materials science

Background:

Conjugated polymers like PBDTTPD are promising for solar cells.
Understanding charge generation dynamics is crucial for optimizing device efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate charge generation dynamics in PBDTTPD:PCBM blends.
Clarify the roles of bulk heterojunction structure, fullerene excitation, and excess energy.

Main Methods:

Analysis of charge generation pathways.
Evaluation of exciton dynamics and carrier generation efficiency.

Main Results:

Multiple charge separation pathways identified, including prompt generation in mixed regions and slower transfer from domain excitons.
All pathways demonstrate high efficiency, with yields largely unaffected by excitation wavelength.
Favorable blend morphology and exciton delocalization contribute to robust charge generation.

Conclusions:

PBDTTPD:PCBM blends exhibit excellent charge generation due to multiple efficient pathways and favorable material properties.
These factors significantly contribute to the high photovoltaic performance of these solar cells.