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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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Finding the right (bioorthogonal) chemistry.

David M Patterson1, Lidia A Nazarova, Jennifer A Prescher

  • 1Departments of †Chemistry, ‡Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, and §Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California , Irvine, California 92697, United States.

ACS Chemical Biology
|January 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Choosing the right bioorthogonal chemistry for tagging biomolecules is complex. This review compares common bioorthogonal reactions and offers a framework to match them with experimental needs, advancing biological insights.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Bioorthogonal chemistries enable targeted labeling of biomolecules within living systems.
  • The growing number of available bioorthogonal reactions (over 20) presents a challenge for experimental design.
  • Selecting the optimal reaction is crucial for successful biomolecular studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare and contrast prevalent bioorthogonal chemistry classes.
  • To provide a decision-making framework for selecting reactions based on downstream applications.
  • To discuss advancements in discovering new biocompatible reactions and controlling their reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of established bioorthogonal reactions.
  • Literature review of current bioorthogonal chemistry applications.
  • Discussion of emerging strategies for reaction discovery and control.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive overview of commonly used bioorthogonal transformations.
  • A structured framework to guide the selection of bioorthogonal reactions for specific experimental goals.
  • Identification of key considerations for novel reaction development and reactivity modulation.

Conclusions:

  • The expansion of the bioorthogonal chemistry toolkit offers significant potential for deeper understanding of biomolecular networks.
  • Effective selection and application of bioorthogonal reactions are key to advancing our comprehension of biological systems.
  • Continued innovation in bioorthogonal chemistry will drive new discoveries in cell biology and beyond.