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Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye

Isolation of Murine Spermatogenic Cells using a Violet-Excited Cell-Permeable DNA Binding Dye

Published on: January 14, 2021

Integrated transcriptome analysis of mouse spermatogenesis.

Gennady Margolin, Pavel P Khil, Joongbaek Kim

¹Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 5, Room 205A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. rdcamerini@mail.nih.gov.

|January 21, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified over 1,000 new meiotic genes and 5,000 novel coding isoforms during mouse spermatogenesis. This comprehensive transcriptome analysis provides a valuable resource for studying meiosis and sperm generation.

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Last Updated: May 3, 2026

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Published on: January 14, 2021

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Published on: December 31, 2015

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model

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Published on: February 6, 2018

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Genetics
Molecular Biology

Background:

Spermatogenesis involves meiosis, crucial for mature sperm generation.
Thousands of genes are regulated during spermatogenesis, but a complete transcriptome map is missing.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively characterize gene expression dynamics during mouse spermatogenesis.
To identify novel genes and alternative splicing events involved in meiosis.

Main Methods:

Sequencing of eight mRNA samples from juvenile mouse testes (6-38 days post partum).
Gene expression clustering to define meiotically expressed genes.
Computational de-convolution to estimate cell type-specific gene expression.
Analysis of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq data.

Main Results:

Over 1,000 novel meiotically-expressed genes were identified.
13,000 novel alternative splicing events were detected, with 40% preserving an open reading frame.
Gene expression correlated well with Pol II signals, but non-canonical promoter usage and intergenic Pol II peaks were observed.
Experimental support was found for 159 computational gene predictions.

Conclusions:

A comprehensive analysis of gene expression during mouse meiosis and spermatogenesis was provided.
Over a thousand novel meiotic genes and over 5,000 novel potentially coding isoforms were discovered.
These findings represent a valuable resource for future research on mammalian meiosis and spermatogenesis.