Epistaxis: evaluation and treatment
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Updated: May 3, 2026

Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices
Published on: June 13, 2025
Daniel J Morgan1, Rick Kellerman2
1Wesley Medical Center, Wichita, KS, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, 1010 North Kansas, Wichita, KS 67214, USA.
Abstract:
Epistaxis, or nosebleed, is a common disorder that many patients will experience. Most patients go to the emergency room when they have an uncontrolled nosebleed, or they may present to an outpatient office. Most nosebleeds are not life-threatening and can be managed conservatively. Occasionally, hospital admission, referral to an otolaryngologist physician, and/or blood transfusion may be necessary. This article is an update on the latest information related to the prevention, causes, and treatment of epistaxis.
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